AI-Generated Summary

The Industrial Revolution, spanning the late 18th to early 19th centuries, marked a transformative period in history, transitioning societies from agrarian economies to industrialized ones. Key innovations, such as the steam engine, mechanized textiles, and iron production, revolutionized manufacturing and transportation. Urbanization surged as people migrated to cities for factory jobs, often facing harsh working conditions. This era also spurred technological advancements, increased productivity, and global trade expansion. However, it exacerbated social inequalities, environmental degradation, and labor exploitation. The Industrial Revolution laid the foundation for modern capitalism and reshaped political, economic, and cultural landscapes, influencing subsequent technological and societal developments worldwide.